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Sains Malaysiana 54(2)(2025): 473-481
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5402-13
Rapid Detection
of Microbial Contamination on Food Contact Surfaces in Restaurants with Long
Operating Hours using Mobile Flow Cytometer
(Pengesanan Pantas Pencemaran Mikrob pada Permukaan Sentuhan Makanan di Restoran dengan Waktu Operasi Panjang menggunakan Sitometer Aliran Mudah Alih)
SHAFIZI
ABDUL WAHAB1,2 , ALIA ARYSSA MOHD HARIS1, CHAI LAY CHING3, NURUL AQILAH
MOHD ZAINI1,5, MOHAMAD YUSOF MASKAT1,5, CHOK HUI MEI4,
HUDA SABER ABU BAKAR SALEH4, MOHAMED YUSUF MOHAMED NAZIR1,5 & SAHILAH ABDUL MUTALIB1,5,*
1Department of Food Science, Faculty of
Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi,
Selangor, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 24 September 2024/Diterima:
7 November 2024
Abstract
Cross-contamination on food contact surfaces (FCS) increases the risk of
foodborne diseases incidence. Traditional microbial detection methods are
time-consuming, prompting the exploration of the rapid method; CytoQuant® mobile flow cytometer which employ perturbation
of low-frequency electric fields between intact membrane and cytoplasm. The
cross-sectional study used CytoQuant® and total plate
count (TPC) involved 30 FCS from six (n = 6) selected restaurants with long
operating hours in the Lembah Klang area. Findings showed that the CytoQuant® was able to
detect the presence of microbial contamination within 30 seconds without
pre-treatment. The results also showed that there were significant differences
(p < 0.05) between intact cell and particles readings on FCS.
Furthermore, even though there are some differences in individual sample
readings from the FCS, the mean values across various restaurants showed no
significant difference (p > 0.05) between CytoQuant and TPC, suggesting that both methods provide comparable intact cell
measurements on average. Further microbiological and premise rating analysis
showed that all six premises exhibited aerobic, coliform counts and patogen exceeding established thresholds on the cutting
board, including detection of salmonella in one of the premises, which
correlated with the poor premises rating. This study suggest that employing CytoQuant® on-site ensures rapid and
reliable results in monitoring of FCS, reducing the risk of foodborne diseases
compared to TPC analysis.
Keywords: Food contact surfaces; in-situ measurement; microbial contamination; mobile flow cytometer brand CytoQuant®; rapid detection
Abstrak
Pencemaran silang pada permukaan yang bersentuhan makanan (PBM) meningkatkan risiko kejadian penyakit bawaan makanan. Kaedah pengesanan mikrobiologi tradisi memerlukan tempoh masa, justeru, ia mendorong penerokaan penggunaan sitometri aliran mudah alih CytoQuant® yang berdasarkan perbezaan medan elektrik frekuensi rendah antara membran sel dan sitoplasma sebagai salah satu teknologi baharu untuk mengukur pencemaran mikrobiologi di lapangan. Kajian keratan rentas menggunakan sitometri aliran CytoQuant® dan TPC melibatkan 30 permukaan sentuhan makanan daripada enam (n = 6) restoran terpilih dengan waktu operasi yang panjang di kawasan Lembah Klang. Penemuan menunjukkan bahawa penggunaan sitometri aliran CytoQuant® dapat mengesan kehadiran pencemaran mikrobiologi dalam masa 30 saat tanpa rawatan awal. Hasil juga menunjukkan bahawa terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan (p <
0.05) antara bacaan sel dan zarah pada permukaan sentuhan makanan seperti papan pemotong, pisau, klip makanan, pinggan dan sudu. Selain itu, walaupun terdapat perbezaan bacaan sel apabila diukur menggunakan CytoQuant® dan TPC pada beberapa PBM, bacaan min bacaan untuk kesemua restoran menunjukkan tiada perbezaan signifikan (p >
0.05) antara bacaan sel menggunakan CytoQuant® dan analisis TPC. Analisis mikrobiologi dan penarafan premis lanjutan menunjukkan kesemua enam premis mencatatkan bilangan aerobik, koliform dan patogen melebihi ambang yang ditetapkan pada papan pemotong, termasuk pengesanan Salmonella spp. di salah satu premis yang berkorelasi dengan penarafan premis yang rendah. Oleh itu, penggunaan CytoQuant® di lapangan memastikan keputusan yang cepat dan boleh dipercayai dalam pemantauan permukaan sentuhan makanan dan mengurangkan risiko kejadian penyakit bawaan makanan berbanding dengan analisis TPC.
Kata kunci: Pencemaran mikrobiologi; pengesanan pantas; pengukuran di lapangan; permukaaan sentuhan makanan; sitometri aliran mudah alih CytoQuant®
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